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For a compromise in any of the sealing surfaces not large enough to be obvious, it won't smoke itself out with the exhaust pressure behind it. It will simply continue on and go out the the rest of the exhaust. Any trace amount that finds its way out will be inconclusive. For single turbo cars you only have 3 places: manifold to block, manifold to turbo, downpipe.
Unless the chra is not fully seated or the exhaust housing has a crack or something in it, finding the leak will be fairly straightforward. Flanges do warp and cracks do change in size with heat. Whether it be to get louder or quieter, the phenomenon is real. It makes for finding them a little more difficult as you've explained. Scenarios like this are exactly what smoke tests are for.
Checking your flanges for flatness is easy. At a minimum you would be able to rule out the manifold. Then you would check the exhaust housing flange for straightness. Depending on your v band connection type, you can do the same there as well. Wouldn't hurt to replace the clamp too. Don't rule out the wastegate as being a possibility either.
if you can take the manifold and turbo into a very dark space and use a very bright light, pin holes, cracks or otherwise will show themselves. You may be over thinking this. In a single turbo set up, exhaust leaks are very easy to find using the proper methods.
I put a metal rule against all the flanges and they look basically flat, as far as I can tell. Pretty even amount of light across the surface.
I just realized that there was a bit of soot under the v-band, but only on the compressor housing flange, which doesn't make much sense.
You would think there would be soot on both housings.
I will clean the surfaces with a wire brush before they go back together.
I'm going to send my wastegate to Trust for a rebuild (apparently that's a thing). I think maybe the valve seat isn't sealing against valve when the engine is hot.
There's consistently a wee bit of soot on one section of the valve seat (I've seen the same thing twice).
I take it I can get away with reusing all the laminated metal gaskets, since they're basically new...
The exhaust manifold gaskets still look great, considering they've been on the car for 15+ years.
Seafoam. Run the engine and let it suck it from a hose directly out of the can. You have to dip and pull it out to keep the car running, but when it is about halfway gone shove the hose in there and choke the car out. Let it sit for 10 minutes and then start the car.